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Abstract

Bioterrorism, defined as the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, or other biological agents to cause harm or intimidation, poses an increasingly complex challenge in the 21st century. As globalization and technological advancements facilitate rapid information exchange and biological research, the potential for bioweapons to be developed and deployed has grown exponentially. This paper examines the evolving threats of bioterrorism, highlighting the motivations of state and non-state actors, the emergence of synthetic biology, and the implications of climate change on pathogen spread. Furthermore, it discusses contemporary defense strategies, including public health preparedness, surveillance systems, and international collaboration, emphasizing the need for a multifaceted approach to counteract bioterrorist threats. The paper advocates for enhanced research into rapid detection methods, vaccine development, and effective communication strategies to mitigate the impact of bioterrorism on public health and security. By understanding the complexities of bioterrorism in the current landscape, this study aims to inform policymakers and stakeholders about proactive measures essential for safeguarding populations against these evolving threats