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Abstract

Breast cancer surgery remains a cornerstone in the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer, with mastectomy and breast reconstruction playing crucial roles in treatment and patient recovery. Surgeons must consider multiple factors, including tumor characteristics, patient preferences, oncologic safety, and aesthetic outcomes, when determining the most appropriate surgical approach. Mastectomy, whether total, skin-sparing, or nipple-sparing, aims to achieve complete tumor removal while minimizing psychological and physical impact. Advances in breast reconstruction, including implant-based and autologous tissue reconstruction, offer improved cosmetic and functional outcomes, enhancing patient quality of life. However, challenges such as surgical complications, longer recovery times, and patient eligibility criteria remain. This paper explores the surgeon’s perspective on mastectomy and reconstruction, highlighting key considerations, challenges, and evolving techniques to optimize breast cancer surgical care.