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Abstract

Bioanalytical chemistry plays a pivotal role in forensic science by providing the tools and techniques necessary to analyze biological evidence, such as blood, saliva, and DNA, with high precision and reliability. This article examines how bioanalytical methods, including chromatography, mass spectrometry, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are applied to identify perpetrators, determine causes of death, and reconstruct crime scenes. It also addresses the unique challenges forensic analysts face, such as sample degradation, contamination, and the need for rapid yet accurate results. Recent advancements, such as portable analytical devices and enhanced sensitivity in detection, are highlighted as solutions to these issues. The discussion underscores the critical balance between scientific rigor and legal admissibility, offering insights into how bioanalytical chemistry continues to evolve to meet forensic demands.