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Abstract

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) has long been a cornerstone of bioanalysis, enabling the separation and quantification of biomolecules in complex biological samples such as blood, urine, and tissue extracts. This article explores recent innovations in HPLC, including advancements in column technology, detection systems, and hyphenated techniques like HPLC-MS (mass spectrometry), which enhance its utility in clinical research. These developments address challenges such as low analyte concentrations, matrix interference, and the need for high throughput. Results from recent studies demonstrate improved sensitivity, resolution, and speed, facilitating applications in pharmacokinetics, biomarker discovery, and disease monitoring. While hurdles like cost and method standardization persist, these innovations position HPLC as a vital tool for advancing clinical research and precision medicine.