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Abstract

Prescription opioid use has been associated with both pain relief and the development of adverse mental health effects, including depressive symptoms. Concurrently, physical activity has been shown to alleviate depression through physiological and psychological mechanisms. This study examines the interaction between prescription opioid use and physical activity in relation to depressive symptoms. Using data from multiple clinical and epidemiological studies, we explore how different levels of physical activity may mitigate or exacerbate depression in opioid users. Our findings suggest that while opioid use is linked to an increased risk of depression, engagement in regular physical activity may moderate this effect. The study highlights the need for integrated treatment approaches that consider both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for managing depressive symptoms in patients using opioids.