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Abstract

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolutionizes infectious disease management by refining diagnostics and optimizing treatments. This case report highlights AI’s transformative role in managing a complex multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) case.

Case representation: A 45-year-old male with untreated pulmonary tuberculosis presented with persistent symptoms despite initial therapy. Traditional diagnostic methods were inconclusive. An AI-driven platform, integrating genomic sequences and imaging data, accurately identified multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and suggested a personalized treatment plan, leading to improved outcomes.

Results: The AI system identified MDR-TB using genomic and imaging data. It tailored a second-line drug regimen, dynamically adjusting based on ongoing resistance predictions and patient response, resulting in significant improvement and disease clearance.

Discussion: The AI integration in this case improved diagnostic precision and personalized MDR-TB treatment by analysing complex data. Rapid, accurate diagnosis and real-time treatment adjustments optimized patient outcomes, highlighting AI’s transformative role.

Conclusion: This case report highlights AI's transformative impact on managing complex infections like MDR-TB, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment, and clinical decision-making, and emphasizing the promise of AI in advancing patient care.